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KYIV SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC EXPERTISE

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Fire technical examination

RESEARCH OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE OCCURRENCE AND SPREAD OF FIRES AND COMPLIANCE WITH FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

The indicative list of tasks

  • establishing, with the use of special knowledge, the mechanism of the occurrence of a fire (combustion), the process of its development and the methods used for extinguishing;
  • identification of phenomena, processes, conditions of fire, identification of circumstances that preceded the fire and contributed to its spread;
  • establishing compliance with the regulatory requirements of operational and tactical actions to extinguish the fire, including the use of forces and means of fire and rescue units;
  • establishing compliance of the fire condition of the facility, technological process, manufactured products, etc. with the requirements of fire regulations and rules;
  • establishing a causal relationship between non-compliance with fire safety requirements with the fire and non-compliance of fire and rescue units with the requirements of regulations, which led to the spread of the fire, with establishing a causal relationship between the relevant measures taken by supervisory authorities functions on compliance with fire safety requirements at the facilities they inspected, including when a fire occurred at such facility.

The indicative list of issues to be resolved

  1. Where was the source of the fire (the place of the initial combustion)?
  2. In what ways did the fire spread from the source of the fire?
  3. What is the cause of the fire?
  4. Did the condition of the facility meet the regulatory requirements of fire safety?
  5. Where were the zones of development of combustion, heat impact and smoke, taking into account the provided actual data on the place of the fire?
  6. What is the mechanism of fire occurrence?
  7. The action of which ignition source led to the ignition of the existing combustible medium (material, substance, etc.) in the place of initial combustion (fire source)?
  8. Is the occurrence of a fire related to an emergency process in the operation of electrical equipment or electrical equipment?
  9. Has the fire caused by spontaneous combustion?
  10. Has the fire caused by spontaneous combustion when exposed to heat or other radiation?
  11. Has the fire occurred because of a volumetric explosion (thermobaric process of a redox reaction)?
  12. Has the fire occurred because of a physical explosion (vessel under pressure)?
  13. Has the fire occurred because of an explosion (burning) of explosives (industrial, military)?
  14. What is the spontaneous temperature of the substance (material), which was in the established fire seat?
  15. What is the spontaneous temperature of the substance (material) submitted for research?
  16. What is the maximum combustion temperature of a substance when it interacts with atmospheric oxygen, which was in the heart of the fire?
  17. What is the maximum combustion temperature of a substance provided for research when interacting with atmospheric oxygen?
  18. Is the occurrence of a fire related to the use of heat generating equipment? What was it?
  19. Did the fire-fighting automation systems work in accordance with the normative requirements during the fire?
  20. Are fire-fighting automation used at the facility where it is installed in accordance with regulatory requirements?
  21. Were the substances and materials available in the fire area able to deal with:
    • the action of an ignition source in the form of an open flame;
    • the action of the ignition source in the form of a spark of electrical origin, arising in electrical communications;
    • the action of the ignition source in the form of a spark of electrical origin during the discharge of static electricity;
    • action of the ignition source in the form of a spark of mechanical origin?
  22. Is there a fire because of spontaneous combustion when substances, materials interact with each other or with atmospheric oxygen?
  23. Has a fire occurred because of spontaneous combustion when exposed to thermal radiation or other radiation at the location of the fire source on the combustible material available there?
  24. When, in time, did the initial combustion in the seat of the fire start, which resulted in the fire?
  25. What is the time interval from the arrival of fire and rescue units to the place of fire in its elimination?
  26. In accordance with the current regulations, were fire-fighting measures implemented at the site where the fire broke out and did the existing technical solutions to limit the development of the fire and provide an opportunity to eliminate it in the initial stage of development?
  27. Have substances and materials that were (or used) at the facility where the fire occurred with fire hazardous properties and their parameters?
  28. Is the technical condition of heating, heating appliances, electrical equipment, mechanisms that were in the combustion zone, related to the fire?
  29. Are there any traces of emergency operating modes on the elements of electrical equipment and electrical equipment, which created ignition sources, resulting in a fire?
  30. Do the design documentation for construction (installation) and operation of the object meet the requirements of normative documents (on fire safety, construction, technological, electrical, etc.) in the part concerning the conditions of occurrence and development of fire, as well as its consequences?
  31. What circumstances preceded the occurrence and contributed to the development of the fire?
  32. What are the reasons for the failure (including ineffective operation) of fire automation installations?
  33. Do fire distances between facilities meet regulatory requirements?
  34. Do the design decisions of the object and design documentation meet the normative fire safety requirements?
  35. Are the fire-fighting installations on the site in working order?
  36. Is the work of fire and rescue units properly organized in accordance with the regulations?
  37. Are the fire equipment and firefighting equipment in the fire and rescue unit in accordance with the technical requirements of the technical condition?
  38. Are the fire-fighting equipment and fire-fighting equipment at the facility in accordance with the normative technical condition?

Important! At the request of the expert, the customers of the research must provide materials and research objects in accordance with the questions posed to the solution.